Thèse soutenue

FR
Auteur / Autrice : Jing Teng
Direction : Cédric RichardHichem Snoussi
Type : Thèse de doctorat
Discipline(s) : Optimisation et sûreté des systèmes
Date : Soutenance en 2009
Etablissement(s) : Troyes
Ecole(s) doctorale(s) : Ecole doctorale Sciences pour l'Ingénieur (Troyes, Aube)

Résumé

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In this thesis, we tackle the intractable Bayesian inference problems in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) by variational approximation. A general framework for variational Bayesian inference is proposed for three basic and closely related applications: single target tracking, multiple targets tracking (MTT), simultaneous sensor localization and target tracking (SLAT). The trade-off between estimation precision and energy-awareness is the primary focus for the WSN applications, leading to decentralized execution of the variational filter (VF). Contributions of the thesis consist in following points: - A VF algorithm simultaneously updates and approximates the filtering distribution, reducing the temporal dependence to one Gaussian statistic. - A general state evolution model describes the target state, allowing discrete jumps in target trajectory. - A binary proximity observation model quantifies an observation to a single bit, minimizing energy and bandwidth consumption. - A non-myopic cluster activation rule based on the prediction of VF is proposed for the proactive cluster management, which dramatically decreases hand-off operations between successive clusters. - A Dijkstra-like clustering algorithm for reactive cluster management yields optimal clustering. - An hybrid probabilistic data association and VF scheme is employed for MTT. - A distributed VF solution for SLAT on-line up-dates and refines estimates of sensor locations and target trajectory