Thèse soutenue

Un nouveau réseau de régulation de l'asymétrie droite-gauche : DE-cadherine régule la myosine ID non conventionnelle par l'intermédiaire de la myosine IC chez Drosophila melanogaster

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Auteur / Autrice : Astrid G. Petzoldt
Direction : Stéphane Noselli
Type : Thèse de doctorat
Discipline(s) : Aspects moléculaires et cellulaires de la biologie
Date : Soutenance en 2009
Etablissement(s) : Nice
Ecole(s) doctorale(s) : École doctorale Sciences de la vie et de la santé (Sophia Antipolis, Alpes-Maritimes)

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Résumé

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The accurate establishment of stereotyped L/R asymetry is subject to a strict genetic program and crucial for the functionality of the organism. It is only recently that the mechanism of L/R asymmetry establishment is exploited in the invertebrate species Drosphophila melanogaster (Hozumi et al. , 2006 ; Speder et al. , 2006). The unconventional type ID myosin (MyoID) has been characterised as a dextral determinant accountable for the clockwise (dextral) rotation of the male genital plate during pupae stage. In our attempt to isolate new components of the L/R mechanism, we first focussed on MyoIC, the closest homologue of genitalia, thus L/R axis inversion. We provide evidence that this situs inversus phenotype is du to an inhibition of MyoID function through MyoIC and consequently define MyoIC as an anti-dextral effector of MyoID. An interaction between MyoID and adherents junctions had been suggested by Speder et al. (2006) as the authors could show by two-hybrid screen and GST pull down that MyoID tail and beta-catenin cal physically interact. Our DE-cadherin loss and gain of function studies revealed a linear interaction between DE-cadherin zand the unconventional myosins MyoID and MyoIC. DE-cadherin controls MyoIC expression, acting as inhibitor of MyoIC. As MyoID functionality is regulated by MyoIC expression, myoIC functions as a mediator between DE-cadherin and myoID. In summary, we present in this study a new regulatory network of L/R asymmetry establishment, where DE-cadherin affects MyoID activity through regulation of MyoIC protein expression.