Thèse soutenue

Ingénierie tissulaire du ligament antérieur croisé du genou
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Auteur / Autrice : Thierry Brune
Direction : Pascal Sommer
Type : Thèse de doctorat
Discipline(s) : Biologie
Date : Soutenance en 2008
Etablissement(s) : Lyon 1
Jury : Président / Présidente : Sylvie Ricard-Blum

Mots clés

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Résumé

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Tears of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) are frequent. In absence of spontaneous healing, it is necessary to perform an autologous graft. In spite of clinical good results, some limitations remain. Within the framework of this project, we developed an new kind of tissue-engineered implant. The first part deals with the characterization of the cells extracted from the disrupted ACL. Then we present two models of ligament made of “small intestinal submucosa” (SIS), an acellular material of animal origin. The use of various cellular populations and several versions of SIS is discussed in the third part. Our results show that the cells of the disrupted ACL behave in vitro like those of the intact ACL. In addition, a hydrated form of SIS makes it possible to obtain a model with a morphology close to that of the ACL. The fourth part is devoted to an animal test which aimed to validate for the ACL a new protocole of implantation allowing a quicker integretion of the implant