Thèse soutenue

Pouvoir assyrien et pouvoirs locaux : idéologie, conceptions religieuses et politiques au Moyen-Euphrate à l'Age du Fer

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Auteur / Autrice : Maria Grazia Masetti-Rouault
Direction : Michel Meslin
Type : Thèse de doctorat
Discipline(s) : Histoire des religions
Date : Soutenance en 1995
Etablissement(s) : Paris 4

Mots clés

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Résumé

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This dissertation is based on a research about the historical situation of the syrian middle euphrates and low khabur valleys, during the twelft-ninth centuries bc. The area is considered settled only by half. Nomadic aramaic tribes, and occupied by an assyrian colonial administration. The analysis of the archaeological evidence and of the anthropological models of the settlements in the area has shown the presence of a local urban society. A study of the cuneiform text and of the iconography of a basalt stele dated at the beginning of the minth century, found in 1948 in tell ashara, the ancient city of terqa, shows that it is not the product of a strongly assyrian-influenced milieu, as previously assumed, but a creation of the local community. The iconography of the stele and the literary characteristics of the text show the relationship of this local culture with middle and late bronze age syrian civilisation, with the western semitic world but also with hittie and hurrian southern anatolia. Its roots are anyway in the classical mesopotamian urban culture. If this area must be considered the homeland of aramaic civilisation, then it means that aramaic society is not as just-settled, half-nomandic and tribal oriented as it is supposed usually to be. The local community of the middle euphrates owns a highly developed classical urban culture, and it is organised by a complex social structure in which the steppe-people are also integrated. The identification of this historitical and cultural background can be useful for a better understanding of the formation of aramaic states from the ninth century on.