Thèse soutenue

Les techniques de l'ostinato : analyse et typologie
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Auteur / Autrice : Laure Schnapper
Direction : Serge Gut
Type : Thèse de doctorat
Discipline(s) : Musicologie
Date : Soutenance en 1994
Etablissement(s) : Paris 4

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Résumé

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A widespread musical technique, used in western written music as well as in oral traditional (notably non-european) music, the ostinato has hardly been studied in musicology. Moreover, the turning of the ostinato adjective into a noun has led to a certain degree of confusion in the definitions. So the vagueness which is still frequent in the terminology had to be cleared up, and we have defined what we meant by this word, that is, in the strict sense, a rhythmical structure repeated uninterruptedly, thus forming a regular periodicity - whose single model can be brought out - used as a reference for possible variations. The ostinato embodies several dimensions : it can constitute a formal and constituent technique or simply be a writing technique affecting neither form nor construction. It may also differ according to the paramethers which constitute it and according to the presence or absence of variations. The different features and implementations of the these parameters determine what we can call "degrees" in the obstinate form, ie degrees in the perceptibility of the ostinato. Hence the length of the obstinate pattern, its rate of variation, the number of repetitions, its place in the polyphony, its structural role in the piece - all make the memorizing of the model during the repetitions more or less easy. Once stated the limits of the technique, one of the main aims of this work was to explain the mecanisms of the ostinato in order to throw light into the creative options brought about by its combinations, which gave us the possibility to establish a typology of the ostinato. This way of separating the