Description sémantique de la particule as en grec moderne : fonctions discursives, contraintes temporelles et aspectuelles

A semantic description of the particule "as" in modern greek. Discursive functions and temporal and aspectual constraint

• Auteur / Autrice : Eléni Karantzola
• Direction : Oswald Ducrot
• Type : Thèse de doctorat
• Discipline(s) : Sciences du langage
• Date : Soutenance en 1993
• Etablissement(s) : Paris, EHESS

Mots clés

Mots clés contrôlés

Sémantique

Particules (linguistique)

Grec (langue) moderne

Résumé

Ce travail est une etude des emplois du modalisateur verbal as en grec moderne sa perspective est essentiellement semantique et synchronique ; neanmoins les aspects ethymologique et morphosyntaxique, ainsi que la diachronie, ne sont pas negliges. Le cadre theorique a l'interieur duquel nous avons situe la description semantique de as est issu de la theorie de l'argumentation dans la langue (adl) ; un modele a la fois topique et polyphonique a ete utilise pour la description des phrases complexes contenant des enchainements argumentatifs. L'attitude theorique de l'adl vis-a-vis de l'observable a ete preservee tout au lo ng de cette etude. D'autre part, pour la description des phrases simples, nous avons eu recours a la theorie des actes de langage, ce qui nous amene a une reconsideration des relations entre enonce, structure phrastique et mode grammatical. Etant donne les multiples et divers signifies associes au signifiant as (suggestion, permission, voeu, indifference, concession, conditionalite), l'attitude theorique adoptee a consiste a etablir, en premier lieu, la singularite de chaque usage. La question de la parente entre ces usages n'a ete abordee qu'au terme de ce travail, ou nous avons propose une description monosemique de as. Plus precisement, nous avons assigne a as la signification abstraite "ne pas empecher" qui transcende tous les usages observes, alors que la distribution des valeurs attestees a ete ramenee a un systeme d'oppositions generales.

The verbal modaliser as in modern greek is here considered essentially from a semantic and synchronic perspective ; however diachronic facts, including the ethymology as well as morphosyntax are also taken into account. The theoretical framework adopted is based on the theory of argumentation in language (adl), the description of complex sentences with argumentative links making use of topics and polyphony. For the description of simple sentences, use has been made of the theory of speech acts, which leads to a reconsideration f the relations between utterance, sentence structure and grammatical mode. The theoretical attitude of adl to what is linguistically observable has been preserved throughout. Thus, given the diverse meanings associated with the signigier as (suggestion, permission, wish, indifference, concession, conditonality), the methodological approach adopted was first to establish a single meaning for each use, the relations between these different uses only being addressed later. The distribution of the different values has been accounted for as a generalised system of oppositions, while an abstract monosemic description is proposed, based on "not prevent", as a sense common to all the observed uses.