Thèse de doctorat en Etudes romanes
Sous la direction de Franc Ducros.
Soutenue en 1992
à Montpellier 3 .
Nous verrons comment et sous quelles formes l'investissement propre a la pratique poetique ungaretienne a pouvoir d'illuminer le quotidien de la "vie d'un homme". Par la mediation de figures diachroniquement a l'oeuvre dans "l'allegria" et le "sentimento del tempo", cette pratique - qui conjoint les innombrables disjonctions constitutives de l'etre-homme - ouvre le praticien a sa possible relation avec une parole insaisissable, toujours en avant, garante, pour lui, de la promesse d'une terre toujours ajournee mais continuellement vecue. L'existant qui sait chanter la tranchee de la guerre, endure, par la mort des autres, l'experience de son propre passage a l'autre de la defaillance ontologique. La difference que porte cette repetition illumine le quotidien de l'homme-soldat du chant d'"allegresse" qui sait "delivrer la chanson de son abandon". La "vie d'un homme", deplacee au plan poetique, n'en est pas moins aux prises avec la crise majeure que constitue le passage de la premiere saison de l'existence a celle de la maturite qui confronte l'existant aux sentiments du temps. La memoire opere un retour a "l(allegria" d'un "moment" poetique qui se plie a la pensee sous forme d'idee. Ce passage genere une poetique qui donne a vivre l'immediat apres-guerre sous le voile de la "tristesse des retours". La transmutation de l'"allegresse". En "tristesse" marque l'affranchissement avere d'une portique de la perception fondee sur la reflexivite constitutive de la reflexion. Cette reversibilite ouvre la perception du temps a tous ses possibles marques par autant d'arrets et de sauts d'une idee a son contraire. L'incessante fragmentation ouvre l'acte poetique a la pensee de l'impossible harmonie quetee dans la fusion de failles nouvelles. A la lumiere de michel-ange, la rome "baroque" manifeste sa profonde justification ontologique: pratique d'un lieu ou fusionne la possibilite de penser l'impossibilite de l'etre.
Giuseppe ungaretti's figures of time and figures in time
We will see how and in what forms ungaretti clothes his poetical method and how this illuminates everyday existence in "life of a man". By the insertion of figures throughout the "l'allegria" and the "sentimento del tempo", this method - which links the countless component separations of the man-being opens the poet to the possible connection with an imperceptible word, always ahead, his guarantee of the promise of an earth forever deferred but constantly inhabited. The poet who can sing of war's trenches experiences, through the death of others, his own passage to an antological breakdown. The idea conveyed by this repetition illuminates the daily life of the man-soldier in the song of "jubilation", who can "free the song of his abandon". The "life of a man" is at grips with the major crisis constituted by the passage of youth to that of maturity which confronts the poet in sentiments of time. Memory reverts to "l'allegria" and to a poetic "moment" which yields to thought in the form of idea. This passage creates poetics which bring to life the immediate postwar period in the guise of "recurring sorrow". The transformation of "jubilation" into "sorrow" marks the recognized emancipation of the poetics of perception based on ungaretti's characteristic shifts of reflection. This polarization opens up the perception of time in all its possibilities, marked by as many halts, flaws ans leaps of one idea to its antithesis. Thus this continual fragmentation opens up one poetic act to another, suggesting impossible harmony sought in the fusion of new flaws. In ungaretti's vision of michelangelo, "baroque" rome justifies its profound ontological position: practical experience of the place where are fused the possibility of thinking the impossibility of being.