L'architecture domestique de Rashîd du XVIème siècle au XIXème siécle (Étude comparatives)

Residential Buildinq Pudonq Rashidi

• Auteur / Autrice : Salwa Abou Bakr
• Direction : Jean-Pierre Van Staëvel
• Type : Thèse de doctorat
• Discipline(s) : Architecture
• Date : Soutenance le 11/12/2009
• Etablissement(s) : Paris 4
• Ecole(s) doctorale(s) : École doctorale Histoire de l’art et archéologie (1992-.... ; Paris)
• Jury : Président / Présidente : Pierre Pinon
• Jury : Examinateurs / Examinatrices : Abdelnasser Abdallah, Jean-Claude David

Mots clés

Mots clés contrôlés

Rosette (El Béheirah, Égypte)

Architecture domestique

Architecture islamique

Architecture islamique

Architecture islamique

Architecture islamique

Mots clés libres

Rashîd du XVI siècle au XIX siècle

Dahlîz EL_MULK

Rosette-Rosetta

Architecture arabe en Egypte

Monuments historiques en Egypte

Monuments de Rashîd

Technique de construction

Sawakin

Rashïd on XVIth century to XIXth century

Dahlîz El Mulk

Rosette-Rosetta

Arabic architecture in Egypte

Historical monument in Egypte

Monument of Rashîd

Technic of construction

Sawakin

Résumé

Après le Caire, Rashîd est l’une des villes d’Égypte ayant gardé un important héritage architectural et urbain. Tout au long de son histoire elle a joué un rôle considérable dans le Delta, notamment pendant la période ottomane. Elle a connu tout le long de cette partie de son histoire un essor économique et commercial intéressant à expliquer les raisons. Elles sont multiples, mais particulièrement sa situation géographique dans la région qui a joué le rôle le plus prépondérant. Le fait qu’elle soit la ville égyptienne la plus proche à la fois d’Istanbul et de l’Europe lui a permis de développer avec celles-ci des relations économiques et commerciales prospères qui ont induit un véritable développement urbain de la ville. Rashîd s'est ainsi dotée d’un style architectural particulier et d’un nombre important de constructions domestiques.

Rashid City is considered once of the richest Egyptian cities in term of Arabian Monuments; it comes second in its monumental wealth after the city of Cairo. Rashid city keeps until this moment a number of monuments which were built during the Ottoman era, on top of which comes a number of monumental houses (20 houses) which are unique in style.Rashaid city had also played a remarkable role in aspects of history, culture, architecture, and art, which had placed such city in high regard among the Arab cities. Arab cities joined Al- rasheed in founding such unique buildings.Building were affected in both shape and essence by geographical, economic, political, cultural, and religious factors found in such era; thus buildings appeared to have mostly similar shapes in some cities, while they appeared to be different in others. Such buildings were also buit using similar materials in some cities, while using different ones in others; however all the buildings were built to provide a shelter for humans in order to achieve their privacy, and protection against any natural or man-made dangers.Thus such unique architecture which took notice of essence rather than appearance – the Arabian housing architecture – had emerged to fulfill all these constant human needs regardless of time or place.Such remaining architectural relics must be placed under athorough historical and technical study, so that we would have the sufficient expertise needed to contribute in preserving such historical buildings.