Thèse soutenue

FR
Auteur / Autrice : Vera Giulia Sala
Direction : Alberto Bramati
Type : Thèse de doctorat
Discipline(s) : Physique
Date : Soutenance en 2013
Etablissement(s) : Paris 6

Mots clés

FR

Mots clés contrôlés

Résumé

FR  |  
EN

Microcavity polaritons are mixed light-matter quasiparticles arising from the strong coupling between quantum well excitons and photons confined in a Fabry-Perot microcavity. Their bosonic nature along with the strong interparticle interactions makes polaritons an excellent solid-state platform to study the nonlinear properties of bosonic condensates, with the advantage of being addressable using standard optical techniques. An important degree of freedom in the study of polaritons is the possibility to introduce a lateral confining potential. The growth and etching techniques developed at LPN allow obtaining low dimensional structures of different geometries, preserving high optical properties, opening the way to the study of polariton nonlinearities in at-will potential landscapes. During my PhD, my research has focused mostly on the experimental study of 0D structures, consisting of single micropillars and polaritonic molecules made of coupled micropillars. I studied the coherence properties of polariton condensates in single micropillars, by measuring the g2 function of the emission with a streak camera technique providing a time resolution of ~ 4 ps. I studied the Josephson physics in diatomic molecules made of two coupled micropillars, with particular attention to the nonlinear regimes. In particular the macroscopic self-trapping regime has been observed. Finally I studied a more complex molecule made of six coupled micropillars in a hexagonal shape, where an effective spin-orbit coupling for polaritons has been realized. These results highlight microcavity polaritons in micropillars as a platform where nonlinear effects can be studied, in combination with nontrivial topologies.