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Thèse de doctorat en Études sur le monde arabe
Sous la direction de Jacques Langhade.
Soutenue en 1998
à Bordeaux 3 .
Le liban a navigue depuis la constitution de son entite nationale, d'une crise a une autre toujours plus aigue jusqu'a l'eclatement de la guerre libanaise de 1975. Ces conflits d'origine historique, politique, economique, ideologique et confessionnelle, etaient exacerbes et sous-tendus par des conjonctures politiques et sous-economiques exogenes. Ils ont ete attises par l'ingerence et l'influence de forces regionales et internationales, dans les affaires internes du pays, afin d'assurer leurs propres interets. Un nouveau reequilibrage du pouvoir a ete l'un des facteurs importants de la guerre. Aucun des projets avances n'a pu etre adopte jusqu'a l'approbation de l'accord de taef. Des amendements constitutionnels issus de cet accord ont donne naissance a une deuxieme republique libanaise. Cependant, malgre les modifications apportees a la constitution libanaise de 1926 inspiree de la constitution francaise de la troisieme republique, le systeme politique libanais a ete ballotte entre les lacunes constitutionnelles et les errements des politiques. D'autre part, le traite de fraternite, de cooperation et de coordination et l'accord de defense et de securite libano-syriens soumettent le liban a la servitude politique de la syrie.
The taef agreement and its implications for the lebanese political system
Since the constitution of lebanon as a national entity the country has gone from one crisis to another, getting worse all the time, culminating in the lebanese war of 1975. These conflicts were of an historical, political, economic, idealogical and religious nature, and were made worse or fed by political and economic circumstances from abroad. This was aggravated by pressure and meddling in the internal affairs of the country by local and international powers in pursuit of their own interests. A new balance of power was one of the important factors in the war. None of the suggested projects could be adopted until approval of the taef agreement. The constitutional amendments contained in this agreement brought the second lebanese republic into being. However, in spite of the amendments to the lebanese constitution of 1926 modelled on the french third republic constitution, the lebanese political system has been torn between constitutional lacunae and the failings of politicians. Moreover, the treaty of fraternity, cooperation and coordination, and the lebanon-syria agreement on defence and security has placed the lebanon under the political yoke of syria.
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