Le sport dans la culture ouvriere. Sportifs d'hier, sports d'aujourd'hui dans une commune de basse-loire

par Christophe Lamoureux

Thèse de doctorat en Sociologie

Sous la direction de Michel Verret.

Soutenue en 1987

à Nantes .

mots clés

• Sociologie

Résumé

Le sport dans la culture ouvriere sportifs d'hier, sports d'aujourd'hui dans une commune de basse loire. A l'echelle communale, le sport ouvrier existe peu a l'etat separe des autres pratiques et habitudes ouvrieres. 1. Sa genealogie, ses traditions, sa memoire le situent au coeur de la vie usiniere et de l'identite communautaire. 2. Le systeme de ses societes, de ses specialites s'insere dans le tissu organique de l'associativite et de la culture territoriales. Sur le siecle : trois styles associatifs et quatre grands types de sports, de plus en plus specialises, delocalises, desouvrierises. Des lors : 3. Les formes de la sociabilite sportive ouvriere expriment-elles surtout des reseaux de relations et d'echanges pre-existants : travail cite, residence, parente. 4. La sportivite ouvriere familiale se distribue-t-elle differentiellement selon la connexion a ses reseaux. Aussi : 5. Au sein des clubs sportifs, les valeurs ouvrieres de la participation restent dominantes. Sur la scene locale des evenements festifs clubs et sports ouvriers ont toujours bonne notoriete meme si leur legitimite a tendance a s'eroder. Ainsi : 6. Sur le registre des savoirs, les ouvriers n'ont pas moins a presenter -ni meme a representer- que les autres groupes sociaux : competences de pratiquants, erudition d'amateurs, emotions de spectateurs.

Titre traduit

Sport and working-class culture sportsmen in the past, sport today, a study of a "commune" in the basse-loire area. (a "commune" : approximately municipality. The town as an administrative entity)

Résumé

Sport in working-class culture sportsmen in the past, sport today, a study of a "commune" in the basse-loire area. (a "commune" : approximately municipality. The town as an administrative entity) at the level of the "commune", working-class sporting practice cannot be separated from other working-class activities and habits. 1. The genealogy of sport, its traditions and the memory of sport are deeply rooted in factory life and represent an element of a collective identity. 2. The system of sport clubs and the various sporting activities is included in the organic texture of association life and local culture. Over the century : three types of associations and four main sports with an increased specialisation, escape from the original location and a more and more distant relation with the working-class identity. Hence : 3. The various aspects of working-class socialisation in sport are mainly expressions of pre-existent networks, relations and exchanges : job, town, district, family. 4. Sporting practice within a family unit depends on people's connections with the above mentioned networks. Consequently : 5. In sport clubs the working-class values of participations still predominate. On the local scene of festive events, working-class clubs and working-class sports still enjoy a good notoriety, even though their legitimacy tends to wear away. Thus 6. In the field of sport culture, working-class people have as much to offer and are no less representative than other social groups : the skills of the sportsmen, the accumulated knowledge of the connoisseurs, the emotions of the spectators.